D-allose reprogrammes the mitophagy-mtDNA-cGAS-STING-ADM2 axis to restore nucleus pulposus cell homeostasis in intervertebral disc degeneration.
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is driven by progressive loss of nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) homeostasis, yet the stress-responsive mechanisms governing this process remain incompletely defined. Here, we identify a mitochondrial stress-innate immune signalling axis in which impaired mitophagy promotes mitochond...