Learning motivation helps sustain students’ attention, persistence, and engagement during instruction. This study examined changes in students’ learning motivation after using Wordwall educational games in integrated natural and social sciences (IPAS). A quantitative pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design w...
The results indicate that teachers play six key roles in fostering students' digital ethics: providing education on healthy internet use, guiding technology usage, supervising digital activities, setting an example, instilling a sense of digital responsibility, and developing digital literacy.