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Fu-Tao Hu

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Preprint Sep 2026

Positive and Negative Square Energies of $2$-Connected Graphs

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$, and let $s^+(G)$ and $s^-(G)$ denote the sums of the squares of the positive and negative adjacency eigenvalues of $G$, respectively. Recently, Liu, Tang, and Zhang proved the conjecture of Elphick, Farber, Goldberg, and Wocjan that every connected graph $G$ of order $n$ satisfies $ \mi...

S. Akbari, Fu-Tao Hu, Ya-Yang Liu · 1 citation · ⚡1
Preprint Aug 2026

From the Square-Energy Conjecture to Signed Graphs: Sharp Bounds for Positive Square Energy

Let $\Sigma=(G,\sigma)$ be a connected signed graph of order $n$ and size $m$, and let $s^{+}(\Sigma)$ and $s^{-}(\Sigma)$ denote the sums of the squares of its positive and negative adjacency eigenvalues, respectively. The square-energy conjecture of Elphick, Farber, Goldberg, and Wocjan states that every connected gr...

Fu-Tao Hu, XiaoTing Han · 0 citations
Preprint Sep 2026

Positive Square Energy of Graphs with Minimum Degree at Least Two

Let $s^+(G)$ denote the sum of the squares of the positive adjacency eigenvalues of a graph $G$. The square-energy conjecture of Elphick, Farber, Goldberg, and Wocjan, proved by Liu, Tang, and Zhang, gives a lower bound of $n-1$ for any connected graph of order $n$. We strengthen this bound to $s^+(G)\ge n$ for every c...

S. Akbari, Fu-Tao Hu, Ya-Yang Liu · 0 citations
Preprint Aug 2026

Extremal graphs for a conjecture on the square energy of graphs

For a graph $G$, let $s^+(G)$ and $s^-(G)$ denote the sums of the squares of its positive and negative adjacency eigenvalues. We determine all equality cases in the conjecture of Elphick, Farber, Goldberg, and Wocjan that every connected graph $G$ on $n$ vertices satisfies \[ \min \{s^+(G),s^-(G)\}\ge n-1. \] Namely, e...

Fu-Tao Hu, Ya-Yang Liu, Yi Wang · 1 citation

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