Incremental Diagnostic Value of the Serum Pepsinogen Ratio for Non-Invasive Prediction of Histological Gastric Atrophy: An Internally Validated Clinical–Infectious Model
Background: Histological gastric atrophy represents a critical step in the cascade leading to intestinal-type gastric cancer. Although upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with systematic biopsy remains the reference standard for detecting atrophic changes, its invasiveness, cost and limited suitability for repeated popula...