A Gravity–Poisson Framework for Synthetic Origin–Destination Demand Estimation on the Nairobi CBD–Ongata Rongai–Kiserian Public Transport Corridor
Reliable Origin–Destination (OD) demand information is fundamental to transport planning, fleet scheduling, infrastructure investment, and policy formulation. However, in many developing cities, particularly those dominated by informal paratransit systems, comprehensive passenger-movement data are often unavailable, ma...