Shaping Arab Identity Through the Beautiful Game: A Heterotopic Analysis of the 2022 World Cup
This study examines how the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar functioned as a heterotopic space through which Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) identities were publicly articulated, negotiated and made visible. Drawing on Foucault's notion of heterotopia and Lefebvre's understanding of space as socially produced, th...