Multi-stage insecticide potentials of Myristica fragrans against the invasive Aedes albopictus, and putative binding mechanism of myristicin targeting the odorant-binding proteins (OBPs)
Results indicate that MFEO disrupts multiple life stages through combined chemosensory interference, eggshell damage and neurotoxic action, and warrants further investigation as a botanical candidate for integrated vector management, potentially offering an alternative to some conventional neurotoxic insecticides.