The growing demand for sustainable energy solutions has intensified interest in Biofuels. Petroleum biofuel is non-toxic, eco-friendly, and biodegradable as compared to the diesel. Now a day’s biodiesel is produced by edible oil which comprises food verses oil problem, but it can be solved by using non-edible, using alkaline catalyst and methanol in transesterification method to reduce the FFA contents of the oil. This paper explores the feasibility of converting Onopordum acanthium L. seed oil into biofuel by using a homogenous catalyst (NaOH) 98.13% of high yield was obtained. Other parameters were also tested such as time, methanol to oil molar ratio, catalyst amount and temperature. The obtained biofuel was quantified by Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Gas chromatography spectroscopy (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The physio-chemical properties were also tested and compared with ASTM and EN standards. The research findings have indicated that Onopordum acanthium seed oil is a sustainable option to produce high-yield biodiesel.
Samina Mengal, Tahira Bibi, Shazia Irfan et al.· Aposta: Revista de Ciencias...· 0 citations
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in regulating gene expression through epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms and have emerged as important contributors to the development of hematological malignancies. However, the integrated regulatory networks mediated by lncRNAs remain incompletely understood. An integrated multi-omics bioinformatics approach was employed using publicly available transcriptomic and clinical datasets to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs and investigate their functional, epigenetic, immune, and clinical significance. Differential expression, functional enrichment, lncRNA–mRNA co-expression, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network construction, immune infiltration analysis, survival analysis, and external dataset validation were performed. The analysis identified MALAT1, PVT1, HOTAIR, NEAT1, H19, MEG3, and GAS5 as key regulatory lncRNAs associated with hematological malignancies. Functional enrichment revealed significant involvement of the PI3K–AKT, JAK–STAT, MAPK, NF-κB, Wnt/β catenin, and p53 signaling pathways. Epigenetic analyses demonstrated strong associations with DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling, while immune analysis indicated significant correlations with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression. Independent validation confirmed the reproducibility and prognostic value of the identified lncRNA signature. These findings demonstrate that lncRNAs serve as central regulators of epigenetic remodeling, transcriptional regulation, immune modulation, and disease progression in hematological malignancies, highlighting their potential as novel diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers for precision oncology.
Naila Raziq, Shramik Rawal, Murad Ali et al.· Genetics and Molecular Resea...· 0 citations