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Author

H. Al-Hasnawi

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Open access Sep 2026

Designing of molecular tool for detecting virulence factor genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC)

vian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes colibacillosis in poultry, a leading cause of poultry mortality worldwide. This study aimed to design commercial molecular tool to detect the most important virulence factor genes ( irp2 , tsh , and hly F F) play crucial role in pathogenesis of E. coli . A total of 55 samp...

H. Al-Hasnawi, Sahar H. Abdulmajed · 0 citations

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