Open access
Oct 2026
Safety and Analgesic Effectiveness of Adding Butorphanol to Multimodal Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia After Gynecologic Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
INTRODUCTION Butorphanol is sometimes added to multimodal intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), but its incremental analgesic benefit and adverse symptom burden when combined with an established sufentanil-based regimen remain uncertain. METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study used routinely c...
Ying-Chao Ye, Cheng-Yao Feng, Yang-Xin Dong et al.
· Pain and Therapy · 0 citations