TAWJEEH: An Integrated Deep Reinforcement Learning and Heuristic Framework for Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything Enabled Real-Time Multidepot Vehicle Routing Optimization in Urban Logistics
TAWJEEH is introduced, a novel hybrid framework that integrates deep reinforcement learning, classical heuristics, and cellular vehicle-to-everything communications for time-dependent MDCVRP optimization and proves to be a robust, scalable, and computationally efficient solution.