Hazem M. El-Bakry

Earthquake magnitude estimation using an optimized CNN-DNN-GRU model with binary differential evolution and firefly algorithm

Accurate earthquake magnitude estimation is critical for mitigating seismic hazards; however, the inherently nonlinear and dynamic characteristics of geophysical data present persistent modeling challenges. To address this complexity, this study proposes a novel hybrid deep learning framework, CNN-DNN-GRU. This archite...