Direct Generation of Tunable Femtosecond Vortex Arrays in a Yb:CALGO Laser
A novel method for directly generating ultrafast vortex arrays within the cavity of a femtosecond Yb:CALGO laser oscillator, based on transverse mode locking, is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. This approach achieves dual‐degree‐of‐freedom active control over the topological structure of vortex arrays withi...