Spatio-Temporal Evolution and Circulation Links of Summer Precipitation in Central Asia: Roles of Pacific and Atlantic Sea-Surface Temperature Modes
Central Asia, as a typical arid and semi-arid region, experiences precipitation variability that critically influences water security and ecological balance. Based on ERA5-Land reanalysis data and 14 large-scale climate indices from 1980 to 2025, this study investigates the spatiotemporal evolution of summer precipitat...