Open access
Jul 2026
A Whale Optimization Algorithm-Enhanced CNN–TCN Model with Temporal Attention for Lithium-Ion Battery State-of-Health Estimation
A Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA)-optimized Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)–Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN)–Temporal Pattern Attention (TPA) framework for lithium-ion battery SOH estimation, achieving higher estimation accuracy and stability.
Hao-Long Yang, Hengjie Hu, Chao Jiang et al.
· Energies · 0 citations