Open access
Sep 2026
Impact of Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Inverter Integration on Bus Impedance Characteristics of Power Grids
The increasing replacement of synchronous generators (SGs) by grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) inverters is reshaping the dynamic bus characteristics of modern power systems. This transition makes a fixed ideal-voltage-source representation of the upstream main grid increasingly inadequate, especially when t...
Ya-Lei Yuan, Xiang Wang, Shi-Wang Gu et al.
· Energies · 0 citations