Review
Open access
Aug 2026
Immune dysregulation in osteoarthritis: Mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic opportunities
The need for an integrated framework that links synovial immunobiology to endotype-specific patient classification is highlighted, arguing that biomarker-guided stratification is a prerequisite for achieving precision immunomodulation and meaningful disease modification in OA.
Afsaneh Enteshari-Moghaddam, Hossein Khorramdelazad, M. Abbasifard
· Journal of Translational Aut... · 0 citations