The niche-metabolism axis: reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages for precision immunotherapy.
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) critically modulate solid tumor progression and immunotherapy resistance, yet their profound context-dependent heterogeneity defies the traditional M1/M2 dichotomy. In this review, we propose the 'niche-metabolism axis' framework, deconstructing the tumor microenvironment into dynami...