Macrophage Immune-Redox Modulation by Phenylethanoid- and Flavonoid-Rich Botanical Extracts: NF-κB/iNOS–Nrf2 Crosstalk and the Proposed Role of Buddleja globosa
Macrophage activation depends on the balance between pro-inflammatory signaling and cytoprotective antioxidant responses. Persistent nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, together with insufficient nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling, promotes oxida...