Review
Open access
Oct 2026
Astaxanthin and Related Carotenoids as a Dual Modulator of Nrf2 and NF-κB in Bisretinoid-Induced Retinal Damage: Mechanistic Rationale and Evidence Gaps
Mechanistic, preclinical, and clinical evidence for astaxanthin’s protective effects on RPE cells, with emphasis on bisretinoid-induced retinal injury is summarized, with emphasis on bisretinoid-induced retinal injury.
Babita Kumari Baniya, Hye Jin Kim
· Antioxidants · 0 citations