I. Báscones

Critical for Whom? Reassessing European Union Critical Raw Materials from the Perspective of Chile, Brazil, and Peru for Sustainable Resource Governance

Critical raw material (CRM) lists are published almost exclusively by import-dependent economies, most notably the European Union (EU) and the United States, while many of the countries holding the world’s largest mineral reserves lack official CRM frameworks of their own. This asymmetry shapes global supply chain gove...