Heart rate variability, ECG minor changes, and HRV–ECG coupling associated with an adjunctive structured breathing–meditation protocol in combat-exposed military personnel
Introduction Combat-related stress is associated with autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation—sympathetic predominance, reduced vagal tone, and decreased heart rate variability (HRV)—linked to increased cardiovascular risk. Non-pharmacological interventions targeting autonomic regulation show promise, but controll...