Toxicity of some Botanical Insecticides against Larvae of fall Army Worm Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith)
The fall army worm Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major invasive maize pest whose reliance on synthetic insecticides has driven resistance. The contact toxicity and lethal time (LT50) of three plant-derived materials viz., oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) liquid smoke, neem oil (Azadi...