Hierarchically and Temporally Distinct Ca2+ Signaling Across Thalamic Nuclei During Nociceptive Stimulation
ABSTRACT Background The thalamus serves as a critical relay hub for transmitting peripheral nociceptive information to the cerebral cortex and plays a central role in the sensory, motor, affective, and cognitive dimensions of pain processing. However, the dynamic response patterns of distinct thalamic nuclei during sti...