Optimisation Design for Car Aerodynamic Assemblies
Global standards for vehicle energy consumption and emissions are becoming increasingly strict. Aerodynamic optimisation has become a key technology to improve fuel efficiency, extend the driving range of electric vehicles and enhance vehicle driving stability. Data shows that every 10% reduction in aerodynamic drag coefficient can increase the fuel economy of passenger cars by 3%–5% and the driving range of pure electric vehicles by 3%–8% under high-speed cruise conditions. Aerodynamic parts such as front bumpers, side skirts, rear wings and diffusers are core components to adjust the airflow field. Passive aerodynamic parts have been widely mass-produced and applied, while active aerodynamic systems have become a popular research topic with the electrification and intelligent development of automobiles. Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation and wind tunnel tests provide support for refined component design. Current related research still has many unsolved problems, including unclear coupling mechanisms between different components, obvious conflicts between various design schemes, insufficient verification under complex working conditions, and large adaptation differences among different vehicle platforms.