Diagnostic performance of machine learning models for malignant and non-malignant pleural effusion: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND Accurately distinguishing malignant pleural effusion (MPE) from non-malignant pleural effusion is clinically important, but the generalisability and methodological quality of machine-learning (ML) models remain uncertain. METHODS We searched eight databases to 23 April 2026. Diagnostic performance was pool...