Tumor microenvironment-mediated resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: Mechanisms, combination strategies and clinical perspectives (Review)
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 have transformed the treatment landscape of NSCLC. However,...