Fractional-Order Super-Twisting Sliding Mode MPPT Control with Fixed-Time Convergence for Photovoltaic Systems under Partial Shading Conditions.
The power-voltage characteristics of photovoltaic systems become nonconvex under partial shading conditions, leading to significant efficiency degradation due to varying solar irradiance and temperature. To address this challenge, an improved finite-time fractional-order super-twisting fast terminal sliding mode contro...