Genome-scale overexpression screening identifies product tolerance and efflux transport as key determinants of high-level L-tryptophan production in Escherichia coli.
L-tryptophan is a high-value aromatic amino acid widely used in the food, feed, and pharmaceutical industries. However, large-scale microbial production is constrained by insufficient precursor supply and limited strain tolerance to high product concentrations. In this study, modular metabolic engineering was first emp...