Design and Implementation of a Dual-Segment Continuum Waterjet Surgical Robot for Transurethral Bladder Ablation
Bladder cancer is commonly treated by transurethral resection, but conventional rigid instruments provide limited distal dexterity and restrict access to anatomically complex intravesical regions. This paper presents a 5-DoF dual-segment continuum waterjet robot for transurethral bladder tumor ablation. The system inte...