Adaptive Evolution of Serotype O Foot‐and‐Mouth Disease Virus Under Vaccine Pressure: Combined VP1 T142/Q153 Mutations Drive Antigenic Alteration and Immune Evasion
Combined mutations at VP1 142 and 153 reshape viral antigenicity and act as core drivers of FMDV immune evasion, offering an experimental basis for clarifying FMDV evolution and developing broad‐spectrum vaccines.