K. K. Kasi

Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of emerging foot-and-mouth disease virus type O, topotype ME-SA, in the southwestern region of Pakistan

FMDV serotype O (ME-SA) is confirmed as the dominant strain causing endemic outbreaks in Quetta, Pakistan, and strengthening active surveillance and molecular monitoring systems is crucial for early detection, effective vaccination planning, and regulation of cross-border livestock movement with Afghanistan, Iran, and...