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Author

Kalpana Panda

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Jul 2026

What Do They See? Interpreting Complex Road Scenarios Through the Eyes of Vision-Language-Action Models for Safe and Trustworthy Autonomous Vehicle Learning

A counterfactual ablation framework called Counterfactual Vision Action Analysis (CVAA) is proposed that systematically removes individual detected objects from front-camera images using photorealistic generative inpainting to prepare counterfactual sets to evaluate the difference in the model's response.

Kalpana Panda, W. Maia, Vinti Agarwal et al. · 1 citation

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