Author

L. Zappella

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#artificial intelligence Preprint Sep 2026

The Communication Bottleneck: A Round-Trip Study of Tree-Structured Expression Serialization in Language Models

When language models reason in chain-of-thought or exchange free-text intermediates, they serialize structured information into natural language. How much tree-structured compositional content survives this bottleneck? We propose a round-trip protocol that answers this question empirically for tree-structured expressio...

Xavier Suau, A. F. de las Morenas, L. Zappella et al. · 0 citations

#natural language process... Jun 2026

On The Effectiveness-Fluency Trade-Off In LLM Conditioning: A Systematic Study

It is found that efficient steering methods frequently achieve conditioning at a steep cost to fluency, and a critical yet previously overlooked interaction with the training paradigm is identified: activation steering methods are far less effective on instruction-tuned models than on their base counterparts.

Iuri Macocco, Pau Rodríguez, Arno Blaas et al. · arXiv.org · 2 citations · ⚡1