The cGAS-STING signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma: A spatiotemporally gated immune switch linking pro-tumorigenic immune evasion and anti-tumor therapeutic response.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arises from chronic inflammation and immune tolerance, posing substantial challenges for immunotherapy. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling is a central immunological hub linking innate immune sensing to adaptive immune responses in tumors. In...