Li-Xian Yang

Causal Effects of Oral Microbiome, Circulating Metabolites, and Inflammatory Proteins on Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

Purpose Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) affects 20% of the global population with unclear etiology and limited treatment options. While observational studies suggest associations with oral microbiome dysbiosis and metabolic alterations, causal relationships have not been established. Using Mendelian randomization,...