Lima N. Fernandes Bonfim Marcal

DOUBLY CONSTRAINED GRAVITY MODEL FOR ORIGIN-DESTINATION TRIP DISTRIBUTION: A PYTHON-BASED FOUR-ZONE CASE STUDY

This study presents a reproducible implementation of a doubly constrained gravity model for origin-destination trip distribution. The formulation preserves prescribed trip productions and attractions while representing the effect of generalized travel cost through an exponential deterrence function. A four-zone numeric...