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Open access Sep 2026

End-to-End Characterization of Cascaded RF/FSO Relaying Under Dust Fading

This paper investigates the performance of a cascaded dual-hop relay system comprising a radio-frequency (RF) hop followed by a free-space optical (FSO) hop. The RF channel was subject to Rayleigh fading, whereas the FSO channel experienced beta-distributed dust-induced irradiance fluctuations based on experimentally o...

M. Esmail · 0 citations

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