Digital Twins in the Architectural Design Stage for Sustainable Net-Zero Buildings: A Systematic Review of Frameworks, Tools and Research Gaps
Early architectural decisions shape building energy demand and life cycle carbon, yet digital support remains fragmented across modelling, simulation and performance workflows. This systematic review examines how digital twin (DT) frameworks, tools and workflows are applied at the architectural design stage to support...
Adiba Shafique, Mohammad Tahir, Nazish Abid et al.
· Buildings · 0 citations