Edge AI and Federated Learning in Smart City Engineering: A Cross-Domain Review of Architectures, Applications, and Deployment Challenges in Transportation, Environmental, and Building Systems
Edge Artificial Intelligence (Edge AI) and Federated Learning (FL) have emerged as the two dominant methodological trends reshaping how AI and Internet of Things (IoT) systems are deployed across urban engineering domains, yet existing reviews continue to organize the field by application sector rather than by these tr...