M. Peluso

An altered B cell compartment distinguishes low antibody responders among people with HIV

Chronic HIV infection can leave persistent immune dysregulation despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), but how this altered immune landscape affects antibody induction and durability after antigen exposure remains unclear. We used SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination as a model of humoral immunity to a novel a...

A mechanistic basis for CD8+ T cell expansion sensitivity as a predictor of HIV post-treatment control

A key goal in HIV-1 cure research is to understand why some individuals control viral rebound after stopping antiretroviral therapy (ART). Recent human studies have identified responding CD8+ T cells expressing Ki-67 and the transcription factor TCF-1 as correlates of post-treatment control, but the mechanistic basis o...

Multiomic and Spatial Profiling of Colorectal Tissue Reveals Viral Persistence and Immune Dysregulation in Long COVID

CD4 Count and CD4/CD8 Ratio Impact Antibody Responses to COVID-19 mRNA Booster Vaccination in People with HIV on Suppressive ART.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the durability of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular immune responses after booster vaccination in people living with HIV (PLWH) in a prospective longitudinal cohort study. METHODS We analyzed 46 PLWH with no prior history of SARS-CoV-2 infection who received a booster dose. Anti-receptor-...

HIV DNA and transcription before and after ART in natural controllers compared to noncontrollers

ABSTRACT HIV-1 natural controllers can limit plasma HIV RNA levels in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Although controllers have less HIV DNA, it remains unclear how HIV transcription differs from noncontrollers, and whether ART further reduces HIV DNA or RNA in controllers. To address these questions, we q...

Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir targeting viral persistence in post-COVID-19 condition (long COVID) in the USA (RECOVER-VITAL): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

BACKGROUND Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, more commonly known as long COVID, has emerged as a major health problem. The pathogenesis of long COVID is unknown, but among the leading hypotheses is viral persistence. We aimed to investigate whether the use of the SARS-CoV-2 antiviral nirmatrelvir-ritonavir i...