M. Shimoda

Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction and Protection: Emerging Insights from Glucocorticoid Signaling and Islet Microcirculation

PDX-1 and MafA are insulin gene transcription factors and maintain mature pancreatic β-cell function. After chronic exposure to hyperglycemia, however, the expression levels of PDX-1 and MafA are substantially suppressed by provoked oxidative stress and the activation of the JNK/c-Jun pathway, which further aggravates...