SAGE-XGBoost: Spatially Augmented Graph Embeddings--Machine Learning Framework for Natural Hazards Susceptibility Mapping under Data Scarcity
This study proposes SAGE (Spatially Augmented Graph Embeddings), a structurally informed feature-engineering framework that combines controlled noise-based data augmentation with neighborhood-based graph embeddings to improve prediction under data-scarce conditions and provides an efficient and transferable alternative...