Mallikarjuna Naik Vadithe

Comparative Analysis of Government Debt Management Strategies in High- and Low-Income Countries

Governments are refinancing large post-pandemic debt stocks into a higher-rate environment. Across the OECD, the interest-payments-to-GDP ratio rose from ~3.0% (2023) to ~3.3% (2024), and refinancing needs are projected at about USD 13 trillion in 2025 (≈80% of gross borrowing), reflecting heavier reliance on bills and...