Marito Arga Hasian Br Marpaung

Atrial Septal Defect

Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) is a congenital heart disease that can be asymptomatic in childhood but has the potential to cause long-term hemodynamic complications. This paper aims to comprehensively discuss the definition, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management...