Open access
Sep 2026
Altered balance between circulating T follicular helper and T peripheral helper cells and regulatory B cells in COPD: an exploratory cross-sectional study
An altered helper/regulatory immune balance in COPD is suggested and moderate discriminatory ability for the cPD-1 + ICOS + Tfh/cBreg ratio, cTph/cBreg ratio, and plasma CXCL13 levels are shown, which suggest an altered helper/regulatory immune balance in COPD.
Kentaro Kodama, Satsuki Miyajima, K. Shigehara et al.
· BMC Pulmonary Medicine · 0 citations