Maulam Lo

A Prototype for PDF Documents Integrity Verification Using Chinese National Cryptographic Algorithms and Hardware Isolation

Digitally signed PDFs carry legal binding force in corporate procurement and financial workflows, backed by the U.S. eSign Act (2000) and EU eIDAS (2014). Yet their integrity guarantees are persistently challenged by evolving exploitation techniques. In 2019, Incremental Saving Attacks revealed post-signature modificat...