Preprint
Aug 2026
Prompting is not enough: supervised baselines and leakage control for measuring shared decision-making with LLMs in pediatric encounters
Objectives: To determine whether zero-shot prompting of a large language model (LLM) is sufficient to detect shared decision-making (SDM) behaviors in real clinical encounters, and whether supervised learning adds value under patient-grouped, nested evaluation. Methods: We analyzed 21 audio-recorded outpatient surgical...
Bernardo Modenesi, Jody L. Lin, Kimberly A. Kaphingst et al.
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