Review
Open access
Sep 2026
Advances in 4D-Printed Shape Memory Polymers from Materials, Mechanisms and Fabrication Techniques to Applications: A Comprehensive Review
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) and their multifunctional composites have become important material systems for 4D printing because they can be processed into structures with programmed deformation and stimulus-responsive actuation. After being fixed in a temporary configuration, SMPs are able to recover their permanent s...
Gang Wang, Meng-Yao Dong, Jun-Fang Shen et al.
· Materials · 0 citations