Mitigating combined oil-solid fouling in flowback and produced water treatment via hydrocyclone membrane filtration: The critical role of turbulent randomness.
A novel hydrocyclone membrane module (HMM) was developed to address severe membrane fouling encountered in flowback and produced water treatment. Localized turbulent randomness, a mechanism consistently overlooked in membrane fouling studies, was also elucidated by coupling macroscopic experiments, multiphase CFD simul...